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Select your syringe size

Syringe

▾

Select peptide amount (mg)

Required sample size

Required sample size (mcg)

Required sample size (mg)

Mixing solution to add (mL)

🧪 How to reconstitute — step by step +

What you'll need

Lyophilised peptide vial

Bacteriostatic water (not plain sterile water — the 0.9% benzyl alcohol preservative is what lets it last 28 days once mixed)

70% isopropyl alcohol swabs

U-100 insulin syringe(s) — fresh, unopened

Sharps disposal container

Clean paper towel + flat work surface

Set up clean. Wash your hands, wipe down your work surface, and lay everything out on the paper towel before you open anything. Working on a clean, uncluttered surface is the single biggest thing you control that affects contamination risk.

Sanitise both vial tops. Wipe the rubber stopper on both the peptide vial and the bacteriostatic water vial with a fresh alcohol swab, using a single wipe in one direction rather than scrubbing back and forth. Let them air dry for a few seconds — wiping through wet alcohol can push it straight through the stopper.

Equalise pressure, then draw the water. Pull back the plunger to fill the syringe with air equal to how much water you want, push the needle into the water vial and inject that air in first, then — without removing the needle — invert the vial and draw your water out (1–2.5mL, 2mL is the most common). Injecting the air first stops the vial developing a vacuum that fights you as you draw, and stops it deforming. Use the calculator above for the exact concentration that amount of water gives you.

Inject the water slowly, down the inside wall of the vial. Hold the needle at roughly a 45° angle against the glass, just above the powder, and let the water run down the wall rather than firing it straight onto the powder bed. A hard direct stream disturbs the peptide's structure and whips up excess foam that then takes longer to settle.

Swirl gently — never shake. Roll the vial slowly between your palms, or rest it on the table and gently rotate it, until every trace of powder is gone. Some compounds dissolve in seconds; denser or larger-sequence peptides can take several minutes of patient, repeated swirling. Shaking agitates the solution violently and can break down the peptide's structure — it's the one motion to avoid completely.

Check it's clear. Hold the vial up to a light. The solution should be clear with no floating particles, fibres, or persistent cloudiness (a little transient foam on top from mixing is normal and will settle). If it still looks off after settling, don't use it — see troubleshooting below.

Label, then store cold immediately. Write the compound, concentration, and today's date on the vial or a small label — it's easy to lose track once you have two or three vials in the fridge at once. Store at 2–8°C (a fridge door shelf is usually too warm; the main body is better) and use within 28 days. Never refreeze once reconstituted — freezing and thawing damages the peptide structure.

Draw each dose the same careful way. Use the calculator above to convert your target mcg/mg dose into a syringe unit mark for the concentration you just made. Wipe the vial top with a fresh alcohol swab before every single draw, not just the first — it's being pierced repeatedly over the vial's 28-day life, and a fresh wipe each time is what keeps the remaining solution sterile.

Troubleshooting

The powder won't fully dissolve

Let it rest a few minutes at room temperature, then swirl again — some compounds, and denser vials in particular, just take longer. Avoid the temptation to shake it to speed things up.

There's foam on top after mixing

Normal from the mixing motion — leave the vial to stand for a few minutes and it will usually clear on its own. Persistent foam that won't settle, going forward, is a sign to inject the water more slowly next time.

The solution is cloudy or has visible particles

Don't use it. This can indicate contamination or a degraded/damaged peptide. Discard the vial safely and use a fresh one.

There are air bubbles in my syringe before a draw

Hold the syringe needle-up, tap the barrel gently a few times so the bubbles rise, then push the plunger slightly to expel the air before drawing your dose.

I see small rubber fragments floating in the vial

The needle has "cored" the stopper — usually from inserting it at too shallow an angle or with a bent/blunted needle. Discard that vial; don't try to filter fragments out and use it anyway.

For laboratory research use only — not for human or veterinary use.

📖 Peptide calculator info +

This calculator helps you work out reconstitution, concentration and sample size for any lyophilised research peptide. Enter the vial amount in mg, mixing water in mL and your required sample size in mcg or mg. The tool returns the volume to draw and the unit mark on your U-100 insulin syringe.

Also called a peptide concentration calculator, peptide reconstitution calculator, or dilution calculator — it converts mg↔mL and mcg↔IU for any vial size.

🔢 Quick conversions +

1 mL = 100 IUOn a U-100 syringe

1 mg = 1,000 mcgMass conversion

1 IU = 0.01 mLVolume per unit

10 IU = 0.1 mLCommon draw amount

💡 Reconstitution examples +

10mg vial — 250mcg dose
Add 2mL BAC water → 5mg/mL concentration
Draw 5 units (0.05mL)

10mg vial — 500mcg dose
Add 2mL BAC water → 5mg/mL concentration
Draw 10 units (0.1mL)

30mg vial — 500mcg dose
Add 2mL BAC water → 15mg/mL concentration
Draw 3.3 units (0.033mL)

For in vitro research use only.

❓ Frequently asked questions +

How much BAC water should I add?

Use 1–2.5mL for most vials. 2mL is the most common. Too much can compromise peptide integrity.

What syringe should I use?

A standard U-100 insulin syringe (1mL = 100 units). Each unit = 0.01mL.

How long does reconstituted peptide last?

Store at 2–8°C and use within 28 days. Do not refreeze once reconstituted.

How do I convert mg to mcg?

1mg = 1000mcg. Enter either field above and the other syncs automatically.

Tirzepatide

Weight Loss

Dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist. Delivers potent appetite suppression and improved insulin sensitivity via two complementary pathways. SURMOUNT-1 (NEJM, 2022) demonstrated mean 22.5% total body weight reduction at the 15mg dose over 72 weeks.

Starting Dose

2.5mg weekly

Maximum Dose

15mg weekly

Frequency

Once weekly

Duration

12–72 weeks

Rest Period

Protocol dependent

Route

Subcutaneous

⚠️ Full escalation ladder — +2.5mg every 4 weeks minimum: 2.5 → 5 → 7.5 → 10 → 12.5 → 15mg (20 weeks to maximum). Do not skip intermediate steps. GI side effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea) are most common during dose increases. Titrate to the highest tolerated dose. Monitor for hypoglycaemia in extended fasted protocols.

Semaglutide

Weight Loss

GLP-1 receptor agonist with the most extensive clinical evidence base in this class. STEP 1 (NEJM, 2021) demonstrated mean 14.9% body weight reduction at 68 weeks. The SELECT trial (NEJM, 2023) confirmed a 20% relative reduction in major cardiovascular events in overweight non-diabetic patients.

Starting Dose

0.25mg weekly

Maximum Dose

2.4mg weekly

Frequency

Once weekly

Duration

16–68 weeks

Rest Period

Protocol dependent

Route

Subcutaneous

⚠️ Full escalation schedule: 0.25mg × 4 wks → 0.5mg × 4 wks → 1mg × 4 wks → 1.7mg × 4 wks → 2.4mg (maintenance). Do not skip the 4-week hold at 1.7mg. Do not use where there is a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN2 syndrome.

Retatrutide

Weight Loss

Triple GIP/GLP-1/Glucagon receptor agonist — the most potent metabolic peptide currently in research. Phase 2 (NEJM, 2023) demonstrated mean 24.2% body weight loss at 48 weeks in the 12mg arm. Phase 3 trials (TRIUMPH programme) are ongoing.

Starting Dose

2mg weekly

Maximum Dose

12mg weekly

Frequency

Once weekly

Duration

24–48 weeks

Rest Period

8+ weeks (convention)

Route

Subcutaneous

⚠️ Glucagon receptor activity produces greater thermogenic effect but also dose-dependent heart rate elevation (~6.7bpm above baseline at 12mg in Phase 2). Titration in the Phase 2 trial took approximately 24 weeks to reach 12mg via gradual increments through 2mg → 4mg → 8mg → 12mg. Do not compress escalation — allow adequate time at each step before advancing.

BPC-157 + TB-500

Tissue Repair

Synergistic blend combining BPC-157's localised tissue repair (tendon, ligament, muscle, gut mucosa) with TB-500's systemic healing via thymosin β4 analogue activity — promoting angiogenesis, cell migration and anti-inflammation throughout the body.

BPC-157 Dose

250–500mcg daily

TB-500 Dose

2.5–5mg 2× weekly

TB-500 Maintenance

2.5mg weekly

Duration

4–8 weeks

Rest Period

4 weeks

Route

Subcutaneous / IM

💡 For musculoskeletal injury research: inject SC or IM as close to the target site as practical. BPC-157 can also be administered orally (dissolved in distilled water) for gastrointestinal research — GI stability in animal models is well-documented. TB-500 loading: 2.5–5mg total per week, split across two injections, for 4–6 weeks; then 2.5mg weekly maintenance. Note: neither compound has completed a published human RCT — all dosing is extrapolated from animal research.

CJC-1295 + Ipamorelin

Growth Hormone

Combined GHRH/GHRP peptide stack designed to amplify natural GH pulsatility. CJC-1295 (with DAC) extends GHRH activity over several days; Ipamorelin provides selective GH pulse stimulation with minimal off-target cortisol, prolactin or appetite effects.

Starting Dose

100mcg each

Peak Dose

200–300mcg each

Frequency

2–3× daily

Duration

8–12 weeks

Rest Period

4 weeks

Route

Subcutaneous

💡 Timing is critical. Once-daily pre-sleep injection is the most common protocol and aligns with the largest natural nocturnal GH pulse. More intensive protocols use twice daily (pre-sleep + fasted pre-exercise). Three-times-daily offers no clear additional benefit over twice-daily in current research. Elevated insulin from a carbohydrate meal will blunt GH secretion — wait at least 2 hours post-meal before injecting.

Tesamorelin

Growth Hormone

Stabilised synthetic GHRH analogue with an N-terminal trans-3-hexenoic acid group that protects it from DPP-4 degradation. FDA-approved for HIV-associated lipodystrophy. Among the best-characterised GHRH peptides in controlled clinical trials for visceral fat reduction. Note: visceral fat re-accumulates toward baseline on cessation.

Research Dose

2mg daily

Alt. Protocol

1mg daily (off-label)

Frequency

Once daily

Duration

12–26 weeks

Rest Period

4–8 weeks (convention)

Route

Subcutaneous

💡 The FDA-approved dose is 2mg daily SC. Some research protocols use 1mg daily as a cost-reduction measure, though this is not the validated clinical dose. Morning administration preferred. Significant visceral fat reduction documented at 12 and 26 weeks in controlled trials. A randomised trial (Baker et al.) also demonstrated improvements in executive function and verbal memory in older adults at 20 weeks.

GHK-Cu

Longevity

Copper tripeptide naturally present in human plasma, urine and saliva — declining with age. Genomic analysis shows GHK-Cu influences over 4,000 human genes, activating tissue remodelling, antioxidant defence, collagen synthesis and nerve repair pathways.

Starting Dose

1–2mg daily

Peak Dose

2–3mg daily

Frequency

Once daily

Duration

8 weeks

Rest Period

2–4 weeks

Route

Subcutaneous / Topical

💡 Subcutaneous injection preferred for systemic anti-ageing, organ regeneration and neurological protocols. Can be compounded to 0.1–1% concentration for topical skin research (wound healing, elasticity, hair growth). The "4,000 gene" figure derives from an in vitro fibroblast study (Pickart et al., 2015) — in vivo human data is limited but the compound is well-tolerated with no significant reported adverse effects in the research literature.

SS-31 (Elamipretide)

Longevity

Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant tetrapeptide. Selectively concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it binds cardiolipin, stabilising cristae structure, reducing electron leak and restoring ATP synthesis in aged or metabolically stressed cells. FDA-approved (2025) for Barth syndrome.

Research Start

4mg daily

Clinical Dose

4–40mg daily

Frequency

Once daily

Duration

4–24 weeks

Rest Period

4 weeks (convention)

Route

Subcutaneous

💡 Phase II/III trials have used 4mg/day SC (PROGRESS-HF) up to 40mg/day SC (MMPOWER-3, Barth syndrome). Conservative community protocols often start lower but 4mg/day is the lowest validated clinical dose. Research applications: cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion, chronic kidney disease, skeletal muscle dysfunction, retinal degeneration. Storage: −20°C until reconstitution; stable 28 days at 2–8°C after reconstitution. Do not refreeze.

MOTS-c

Longevity

Mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the 12S rRNA gene of mitochondrial DNA — the first peptide shown to translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus during metabolic stress, directly regulating nuclear gene expression and metabolic homeostasis.

Starting Dose

5mg weekly

Peak Dose

10mg weekly

Frequency

1–2× weekly

Duration

8 weeks

Rest Period

4 weeks

Route

Subcutaneous

💡 Well-documented exercise-mimetic effects: improves skeletal muscle glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity independently of insulin via AMPK activation (Cell Metabolism, 2015; 2019). Circulating MOTS-c declines with age in human plasma. Pre-clinical data shows improved insulin sensitivity, reduced adipogenesis and extended healthspan. No published human clinical trial yet — all dosing is community convention extrapolated from animal studies. Administer on training days for best results in metabolic research.

NAD+

Longevity

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide — the essential coenzyme for cellular energy production (NADH→ATP via oxidative phosphorylation), DNA repair (substrate for PARP enzymes) and sirtuin activation (SIRT1–7 longevity genes). Tissue NAD+ declines significantly with age, with estimates of 40–50% reduction in adipose tissue between ages 40 and 60.

SC Starting Dose

50mg, 2–3× weekly

SC Peak Dose

100mg per session

IV Dose

250–500mg per session

Duration

4–12 weeks

Rest Period

Cycle or ongoing

Route

Subcutaneous / IV

⚠️ IV: flushing, chest tightness, nausea and tingling can occur even at low infusion rates — symptoms are rate-dependent and idiosyncratic. Start slow and titrate rate upward. Standard safe practice: begin at 25mg/hr and increase cautiously. Subcutaneous injection is significantly better tolerated. IV and SC have different pharmacokinetic profiles. Oral NMN/NR are indirect precursors with lower bioavailability compared to direct NAD+ administration.

5-Amino-1MQ

Metabolism

Small-molecule inhibitor of NNMT (nicotinamide N-methyltransferase) — an enzyme highly expressed in adipose tissue that consumes SAM and suppresses NAD+ biosynthesis. By inhibiting NNMT, 5-Amino-1MQ promotes fat cell metabolism and elevates intracellular NAD+ and SAM availability.

Starting Dose

2.5mg daily

Peak Dose

5mg once or twice daily

Frequency

Once or twice daily (SC)

Duration

4–8 weeks

Rest Period

2–4 weeks

Route

Subcutaneous injection

💡 Reconstitute the 50mg vial with 2ml BAC water (25mg/ml). For 2.5mg: draw 0.1ml (10 units). For 5mg: draw 0.2ml (20 units). One vial provides 10–20 doses. Half-life is approximately 4–7 hours — twice daily dosing provides more sustained NNMT inhibition. NNMT inhibition redirects nicotinamide toward NAD+ synthesis rather than methylation disposal, raising intracellular NAD+ independently of precursor supply — mechanistically synergistic with direct NAD+ supplementation. Animal research (Small et al., 2021) shows preferential reduction of #241505 adipose tissue with preservation of lean mass. No published human clinical trial yet.

All compounds listed are for in vitro research purposes only. Dosage information is derived from published preclinical and clinical research literature and is provided for reference. Nova Biolabs does not provide medical advice.

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